Enrichment rules

Enrichment rule resources are used to update the event fields.

Available Enrichment rule resource parameters:

• Name (required)—a unique name for this type of resource. Must contain from 1 to 128 Unicode characters.
• Tenant (required)—name of the tenant that owns the resource.
• Source kind (required)—drop-down list for selecting the type of incoming events. Depending on the selected type, you may see the following additional settings:
  • constant

    This type of enrichment is used when a constant needs to be added to an event field. Settings of this type of enrichment:

    • In the Constant field, specify the value that should be added to the event field. The value should not be longer than 255 Unicode characters. If you leave this field blank, the existing event field value will be cleared.
    • In the Target field drop-down list, select the KUMA event field to which you want to write the data.

  • dictionary

    This type of enrichment is used if you need to add a value from the dictionary to the event field.

    When this type is selected in the Dictionary name drop-down list, you must select the dictionary that will provide the values. In the Key fields settings block, you must use the Add field button to select the event fields whose values will be used for dictionary entry selection.

  • event

    This type of enrichment is used when you need to write a value from another event field to the current event field. Settings of this type of enrichment:

    • In the Target field drop-down list, select the KUMA event field to which you want to write the data.
    • In the Source field drop-down list, select the event field whose value will be written to the target field.
    • In the Conversion settings block, you can create rules for modifying the original data before it is written to the KUMA event fields. The conversion type can be selected from the drop-down list. You can use the Add conversion and Delete buttons to add or delete a conversion, respectively. The order of conversions is important.

      Available conversions

      Conversions are changes that can be applied to a value before it gets written to the event field. The conversion type is selected from a drop-down list.

      Available conversions:

      • lower—is used to make all characters of the value lowercase
      • upper—is used to make all characters of the value uppercase
      • regexp – used to convert a value using the regular expression RE2. When this conversion type is selected, the field appears where regular expression should be added.
      • substring—is used to extract characters in the position range specified in the Start and End fields. These fields appear when this conversion type is selected.
      • replace—is used to replace specified character sequence with the other character sequence. When this type of conversion is selected, new fields appear:
        • Replace chars—in this field you can specify the character sequence that should be replaced.
        • With chars—in this field you can specify the characters sequence should be used instead of replaced characters.
      • trim—used to simultaneously remove the characters specified in the Chars field from the leading and end positions of the value. The field appears when this type of conversion is selected. For example, a trim conversion with the Micromon value applied to Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon results in soft-Windows-Sys.
      • append is used to add the characters specified in the Constant field to the end of the event field value. The field appears when this type of conversion is selected.
      • prepend—used to prepend the characters specified in the Constant field to the start of the event field value. The field appears when this type of conversion is selected.
      • replace with regexp—is used to replace RE2 regular expression results with the character sequence.
        • Expression—in this field you can specify the regular expression which results that should be replaced.
        • With chars—in this field you can specify the characters sequence should be used instead of replaced characters.
  • template

    This type of enrichment is used when you need to write a value obtained by processing Go templates into the event field. Settings of this type of enrichment:

    • Put the Go template into the Template field.

      Event field names are passed in the {{.EventField}} format, where EventField is the name of the event field from which the value must be passed to the script.

      Example: Attack on {{.DestinationAddress}} from {{.SourceAddress}}.

    • In the Target field drop-down list, select the KUMA event field to which you want to write the data.
  • dns

    This type of enrichment is used to send requests to a private network DNS server to convert IP addresses into domain names or vice versa.

    Available settings:

    • URL—in this field, you can specify the URL of a DNS server to which you want to send requests. You can use the Add URL button to specify multiple URLs.
    • RPS—maximum number of requests sent to the server per second. The default value is 1000.
    • Workers—maximum number of requests per one point in time. The default value is 1.
    • Max tasks—maximum number of simultaneously fulfilled requests. By default, this value is equal to the number of vCPUs of the KUMA Core server.
    • Cache TTL—the lifetime of the values stored in the cache. The default value is 60.
    • Cache disabled—you can use this drop-down list to enable or disable caching. Caching is enabled by default.
  • cybertrace

    This type of enrichment is used to add information from CyberTrace data streams to event fields.

    Available settings:

    • URL (required)—in this field, you can specify the URL of a CyberTrace server to which you want to send requests.
    • Number of connections—maximum number of connections to the CyberTrace server that can be simultaneously established by KUMA. By default, this value is equal to the number of vCPUs of the KUMA Core server.
    • RPS—maximum number of requests sent to the server per second. The default value is 1000.
    • Timeout—amount of time to wait for a response from the CyberTrace server, in seconds. The default value is 30.
    • Mapping (required)—this settings block contains the mapping table for mapping KUMA event fields to CyberTrace indicator types. The KUMA field column shows the names of KUMA event fields, and the CyberTrace indicator column shows the types of CyberTrace indicators.

      Available types of CyberTrace indicators:

      • ip
      • url
      • hash

      In the mapping table, you must provide at least one string. You can use the Add row button to add a string, and can use the button to remove a string.

  • timezone

    This type of enrichment is used in collectors and correlators to assign a specific timezone to an event. Timezone information may be useful when searching for events that occurred at unusual times, such as nighttime.

    When this type of enrichment is selected, the required timezone must be selected from the Timezone drop-down list.

    Make sure that the required time zone is set on the server hosting the enrichment-utilizing service. For example, you can do this by using the timedatectl list-timezones command, which shows all time zones that are set on the server. For more details on setting time zones, please refer to your operating system documentation.

    When an event is enriched, the time offset of the selected timezone relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is written to the DeviceTimeZone event field in the +-hh:mm format. For example, if you select the Asia/Yekaterinburg timezone, the value +05:00 will be written to the DeviceTimeZone field. If the enriched event already has a value in the DeviceTimeZone field, it will be overwritten.

    By default, if the timezone is not specified in the event being processed and enrichment rules by timezone are not configured, the event is assigned the timezone of the server hosting the service (collector or correlator) that processes the event. If the server time is changed, the service must be restarted.

    Permissible time formats when enriching the DeviceTimeZone field

    When processing incoming raw events in the collector, the following time formats can be automatically converted to the +-hh:mm format:

    Time format in a processed event	Example
    +-hh:mm	-07:00
    +-hhmm	-0700
    +-hh	-07

    If the date format in the DeviceTimeZone field differs from the formats listed above, the collector server timezone is written to the field when an event is enriched with timezone information. You can create custom normalization rules for non-standard time formats.

  • geographic data

    This type of enrichment is used to add IP address geographic data to event fields. Learn more about linking IP addresses to geographic data.

    When this type is selected, in the Mapping geographic data to event fields settings block, you must specify from which event field the IP address will be read, select the required attributes of geographic data, and define the event fields in which geographic data will be written:

    1. In the Event field with IP address drop-down list, select the event field from which the IP address is read. Geographic data uploaded to KUMA is matched against this IP address.

       You can use the Add event field with IP address button to specify multiple event fields with IP addresses that require geographic data enrichment. You can delete event fields added in this way by clicking the Delete event field with IP address button.

       When the SourceAddress, DestinationAddress, and DeviceAddress event fields are selected, the Apply default mapping button becomes available. You can use this button to add preconfigured mapping pairs of geographic data attributes and event fields.

    2. For each event field you need to read the IP address from, select the type of geographic data and the event field to which the geographic data should be written.

       You can use the Add geodata attribute button to add field pairs for Geodata attribute – Event field to write to. You can also configure different types of geographic data for one IP address to be written to different event fields. To delete a field pair, click .

       • In the Geodata attribute field, select which geographic data corresponding to the read IP address should be written to the event. Available geographic data attributes: Country, Region, City, Longitude, Latitude.
       • In the Event field to write to, select the event field which the selected geographic data attribute must be written to.

       You can write identical geographic data attributes to different event fields. If you configure multiple geographic data attributes to be written to the same event field, the event will be enriched with the last mapping in the sequence.

• Debug—you can use this drop-down list to enable logging of service operations. Logging is disabled by default.
• Description—up to 256 Unicode characters describing the resource.
• Filter—settings block in which you can specify the conditions for identifying events that will be processed by this resource. You can select an existing filter resource from the drop-down list, or select Create new to create a new filter.

  Creating a filter in resources

  1. In the Filter drop-down list, select Create new.
  2. If you want to keep the filter as a separate resource, select the Save filter check box.

     In this case, you will be able to use the created filter in various services.

     This check box is cleared by default.

  3. If you selected the Save filter check box, enter a name for the created filter resource in the Name field. The name must contain from 1 to 128 Unicode characters.
  4. In the Conditions settings block, specify the conditions that the events must meet:
     1. Click the Add condition button.
     2. In the Left operand and Right operand drop-down lists, specify the search parameters.

        Depending on the data source selected in the Right operand field, you may see fields of additional parameters that you need to use to define the value that will be passed to the filter. For example, when choosing active list you will need to specify the name of the active list, the entry key, and the entry key field.

     3. In the operator drop-down list, select the relevant operator.

        Filter operators

        • =—the left operand equals the right operand.
        • <—the left operand is less than the right operand.
        • <=—the left operand is less than or equal to the right operand.
        • >—the left operand is greater than the right operand.
        • >=—the left operand is greater than or equal to the right operand.
        • inSubnet—the left operand (IP address) is in the subnet of the right operand (subnet).
        • contains—the left operand contains values of the right operand.
        • startsWith—the left operand starts with one of the values of the right operand.
        • endsWith—the left operand ends with one of the values of the right operand.
        • match—the left operand matches the regular expression of the right operand. The RE2 regular expressions are used.
        • hasBit—checks whether the left operand (string or number) contains bits whose positions are listed in the right operand (in a constant or in a list).
        • hasVulnerability—checks whether the left operand contains an asset with the vulnerability and vulnerability severity specified in the right operand.
        • inActiveList—this operator has only one operand. Its values are selected in the Key fields field and are compared with the entries in the active list selected from the Active List drop-down list.
        • inDictionary—checks whether the specified dictionary contains an entry defined by the key composed with the concatenated values of the selected event fields.
        • inCategory—the asset in the left operand is assigned at least one of the asset categories of the right operand.
        • inActiveDirectoryGroup—the Active Directory account in the left operand belongs to one of the Active Directory groups in the right operand.
        • TIDetect—this operator is used to find events using CyberTrace Threat Intelligence (TI) data. This operator can be used only on events that have completed enrichment with data from CyberTrace Threat Intelligence. In other words, it can only be used in collectors at the destination selection stage and in correlators.
     4. If necessary, select the do not match case check box. When this check box is selected, the operator ignores the case of the values.

        The selection of this check box does not apply to the InSubnet, InActiveList, InCategory or InActiveDirectoryGroup operators.

        This check box is cleared by default.

     5. If you want to add a negative condition, select If not from the If drop-down list.
     6. You can add multiple conditions or a group of conditions.
  5. If you have added multiple conditions or groups of conditions, choose a search condition (and, or, not) by clicking the AND button.
  6. If you want to add existing filters that are selected from the Select filter drop-down list, click the Add filter button.

     You can view the nested filter settings by clicking the button.

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